Parathyroid adenoma is a type of benign tumor that develops in the parathyroid glands, which are located near the thyroid gland in the neck. These tumors typically cause overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH), leading to a condition known as primary hyperparathyroidism. This can result in high levels of calcium in the blood, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, bone pain, kidney stones, and other complications. Diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma typically involves blood tests to measure calcium and PTH levels, as well as imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI to locate the tumor. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the adenoma, which can effectively correct the imbalance of PTH and calcium levels in the body. If left untreated, parathyroid adenoma can lead to serious health consequences, such as weakened bones, kidney damage, and cardiovascular issues.